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Open skies is an international policy concept that calls for the liberalization of the rules and regulations of the international aviation industry—especially commercial aviation—in order to create a free-market environment for the airline industry. Its primary objectives are: * to liberalize the rules for international aviation markets and minimize government intervention as it applies to passenger, all-cargo, and combination air transportation as well as scheduled and charter services; and * to adjust the regime under which military and other state-based flights may be permitted. For open skies to become effective, a bilateral (and sometimes multilateral) Air Transport Agreement must be concluded between two or more nations. ==Background== To achieve sovereignty, a state must be recognised as having both ''de facto'' and ''de jure'' control over all the land, sea, and air space within defined territorial boundaries. Once a state comes into being, the concept of trespass applies to any part of the state entered without permission. Hence, whether it is an individual wishing to cross a land border, a ship aiming to enter or pass through territorial waters, or an aircraft seeking to overfly, prior consent is required. Those who do not seek permission will, at the very least, be liable to arrest and prosecution by the offended state. At worst, entry may be considered an act of war. For example, in 1983 Korean Air Flight 007 strayed into Soviet air space and was shot down. Since World War II, most states have invested national pride in the creation and defence of airlines (sometimes called ''flag carriers'' or ''legacy'' airlines). Air transportation differs from many other forms of commerce, not only because it has a major international component, but also because many of these airlines were wholly or partly government owned. Thus, as international competition grew, various degrees of protectionism were imposed. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Open skies」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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